Step 1: Propose what you think is the morally best decision or course of action -- and specify the main reason(s) or arguments why you think so.
Step 2: Articulate as many counter-arguments to that proposed decision as you can.
Step 3: Consider each counter-argument in turn and think whether there is a counter to that counter-argument.

If you cannot counter all of the identified counter-arguments then you will need to re-think your original decision or course of action.


Hope, R. A., and Michael Dunn. Medical Ethics : a Very Short Introduction . Second edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Print.

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